Oil Spill Detection and Mapping in Low Visibility and Ice
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International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP)
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Accurate oil-slick detection and mapping are particularly important for Arctic spills, as oil may be hidden from view under snow and ice during periods of almost total darkness. Conversely, close to 24 hours of daylight in the spring and summer months can in fact help to facilitate the remote sensing and monitoring of spilled oil during breakup and open-water periods. However, fog and low...
Complete
2012-10-01
2013-06-01
2018-08-09 15:10:28 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Spill Response in the Arctic Offshore
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S.L. Ross Environmental Research Limited (SLR)
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This publication has been prepared jointly by the American
Petroleum Institute (API) Arctic Oil Spill task group and
the Joint Industry Programme on Oil Spill Recovery in Ice
(JIP).
The JIP is aimed at creating international research
programmes to further enhance industry knowledge and
capabilities in the area of Arctic oil spill response and to
raise awareness of existing industry OSR...
Remote
2012-02-02
2018-08-09 15:06:09 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Little Diomede Hunters and Elders Ecological Knowledge, Management Strategies, and Usage of Walruses (Odobenus rosmarus) in Bering Strait
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North Pacific Research Board (NPRB)
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Pacific walruses have been a crucial subsistence resource for communities in the Bering Strait region since approximately 2500BP. Communities on Saint Lawrence Island, King Island, as well as Big and Little Diomede islands developed complex walrus hunting techniques and usages. Current hunting practices are the realization of traditions with significant temporal depth. Consequently, these...
Complete
2010-09-01
2013-08-31
2018-08-09 15:06:28 -0800
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Project
Full Record
Arctic Ocean Exploration
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
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On the Arctic 2002 expedition, 46 scientists from the United States, Canada, Japan and China gathered by ship and charter aircraft at the little Alaskan town of Kugluktuk. The expedition on board the Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker Louis St. Laurent lasted 24 days and covered 2,440 nautical miles, mostly through ice- covered waters. Dr. Fiona McLaughlin, of the Institute of Ocean Sciences in...
Remote
2002-08-14
2002-09-08
2018-08-09 15:06:52 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Algal toxins in Alaskan marine mammal populations: Assessing current and emerging exposure threats
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North Pacific Research Board (NPRB)
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Rationale: Current climate trends are likely to expand the geographic range and duration of bloom-favorable conditions in northern regions, making algal toxins a growing concern in the Alaskan marine food web, especially for marine mammal populations which are already declining or depleted.
Overall Goal: The overall goal of this project is to characterize the spatial and temporal patterns of...
Complete
2011-09-01
2014-01-31
2018-08-09 15:10:04 -0800
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Project
Full Record
The effects of use of dispersant and in situ burning on Arctic marine organisms - A laboratory study
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S.L. Ross Environmental Research Limited (SLR)
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This report details the findings of a field experiment in which an Arctic amphipod was exposed to both dispersants and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Seawater and tissue samples were both tested for levels of PAH before and after dispersants were added.
Remote
2011-06-24
2018-08-09 15:03:01 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Mechanical Recovery of Oil in Ice
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International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP)
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Mechanical containment and recovery is considered the primary or preferred response strategy in many regions of the world. Containment booms are normally used in combination with a skimmer to remove oil from the water’s surface where it is temporarily stored before further treatment.
The main challenge presented to mechanical recovery in ice is the difficulty of accessing the oil and,...
Ongoing
2012-10-01
2018-08-09 15:08:56 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Oil Spill Trajectory Modelling in Ice
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International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP)
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An oil spill trajectory model predicts the movement of spilled oil in and under ice, based on such factors as ocean currents, winds, and air and sea temperatures. In Arctic conditions, the predictive task is complicated by the presence of ice in a variety of forms. Furthermore, little information exists about Arctic currents and there are few opportunities to evaluate the predictive accuracy of...
Ongoing
2013-03-01
2015-04-30
2018-08-09 15:08:57 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Physical Oceanography of Alaska's Beaufort Sea
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Institute of Marine Science UAF (IMS)
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The Alaskan Beaufort Sea continental shelf spans approximately 600 km along-shore and 80 km in the cross-shore direction. Circulation patterns of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas are schematically described in our transport pathway cartoon. The Beaufort shelf circulation is strongly influenced by ice, wind, fresh water (river discharge and ice melt) and air-sea heat fluxes. Tidal currents are...
Complete
1999-08-01
2007-09-30
2018-08-09 15:06:07 -0800
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Report
Full Record
The Arctic Ocean and Climate Change: A Scenario for the US Navy
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United States Arctic Research Commission (USARC)
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At a meeting held at the Naval Ice Center on 7 July, 2000 with representatives from the
National/Naval Ice Center, the Oceanographer of the Navy (N096), the Office of Naval Research
(ONR), MEDEA, the Arctic Research Commission, and U.S. Coast Guard the national and
strategic issues surrounding operations in an ice-free, or ice-diminished Arctic were framed. It
was recommended that a forum be...
Remote
2010-07-07
2018-08-09 15:06:08 -0800
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Report
Full Record
US Arctic Research Policy
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United States Arctic Research Commission (USARC)
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The Arctic is “hot” and not only because it’s physically warming, but also because the
world is looking north at climate change, resource exploration, undersea territorial
claims, tourism, conservation and ecological impacts, and the promise of marine
shipping opportunities. The United States, which became an Arctic nation almost
150 years ago by purchasing Alaska from Russia, has economic...
Remote
2011-09-30
2018-08-09 15:06:52 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Crowdsourcing large-scale environmental data recovery for the North Pacific – Arctic region from 1850 to the satellite era
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North Pacific Research Board (NPRB)
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A novel collaboration between NOAA, the US National Archives and more than ten thousand citizen-scientists participating in the Old Weather project is making the Archives’ extensive collection of ship logbooks and the data they contain available in digital format for the first time. Millions of weather, sea ice and other environmental observations are recorded in these documents. Developing...
Complete
2012-07-01
2014-06-30
2018-08-09 15:08:01 -0800
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Project
Full Record
Dispersant Testing Under Realistic Conditions
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International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP)
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Dispersion of oil using either chemical or mineral additives (dispersants) can be an effective way to enhance the natural biodegradation process to remove spilled oil from marine environments. Research over several decades has shown that when applied properly, these additives can be as effective in near-freezing waters as they are in temperate waters. In many cases – including in the Arctic –...
Ongoing
2012-01-01
2015-12-31
2018-08-09 15:08:52 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Joint industry program on oil spill contingency for Arctic and ice-covered waters
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Sintef (SINTEF)
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This industry report summarizes a variety of oil spill response technologies, including oil weathering, in-situ burning, chemical dispersion, mechanical recovery, and remote sensing. Special consideration is given to the challenges of responding to spills in Arctic waters and interactions with sea ice.
Remote
2010-10-04
2018-08-09 15:03:00 -0800
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Report
Full Record
In-Situ Burning of Oil in Ice – Affected Waters
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International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP)
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Controlled in-situ burning (ISB) of an oil slick as a response technology has been researched and employed in one form or another at a variety of oil spills since the late 1950s, including limited use during the Exxon Valdez accident and more extensive use during the Deepwater Horizon incident.
Many researchers and practitioners believe that ISB is especially suitable in ice conditions;...
Ongoing
2012-10-01
2013-06-01
2018-08-09 15:10:31 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Behavior of Oil Spills in Ice and Implications for Arctic Spill Response
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International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP)
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The paper reviews the history of research into the behavior spills in ice covered waters and documents our current state of knowledge, drawing on the findings from a number of milestone field experiments conducted over the past 40 years. In particular the paper focuses on the unique aspects of spill behavior in different ice regimes that can both hinder and benefit spill response, depending on...
Complete
2011-12-01
2018-08-09 15:10:31 -0800
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Report
Full Record
Benthic lower trophic level food webs in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas – baselines and relevance of sea ice algal production
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North Pacific Research Board (NPRB)
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This project seeks to investigate NPRB’s Arctic Focus Section Priority: Climate change effects on Arctic lower trophic food webs. Warming trends in the Arctic and increasing loss of sea ice and its associated primary production are thought to have profound effects on the energy flow on Arctic shelves. Based on information from other recent projects, we plan to fill specific gaps in our existing...
Complete
2012-08-01
2015-01-30
2018-08-09 15:08:53 -0800
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Project
Full Record
Edge of the Arctic Shelf
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Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI)
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SBI is a multi-year, multi-disciplinary program sponsored jointly by the National Science Foundation’s Office of Polar Programs and the High-latitude branch of the Office of Naval Research. The overall goal is to understand how the Arctic shelves communicate with the interior basin from a coupled physical--biogeochemical standpoint. The premise is that this system is in a delicate balance that...
Unknown
2004-10-31
2018-08-09 15:06:50 -0800
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Project
Full Record
Arctic Environmental Response Management Application (ERMA)
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
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The Environmental Response Management Application® (ERMA) is a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) tool that assists both emergency responders and environmental resource managers in dealing with incidents that may adversely impact the environment. ERMA integrates and synthesizes various real-time and static datasets into a single interactive map, thus provides fast visualization of...
Complete
2018-08-09 15:08:36 -0800
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Data
Full Record
Oil Spills in Arctic Waters: An Introduction and Inventory of Research Activities and USARC Recommendations
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United States Arctic Research Commission (USARC)
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The paper begins with a summary of federal efforts in three
topic areas: (1) spill demarcation and mitigation, including
containment and countermeasures; (2) oil spill response technologies for cleanup and recovery of oil, including affiliated
data management tools; and (3) the fate of oil and its effects
on the environment.
Following this summary is a discussion of the work of the...
Remote
2012-11-30
2018-08-09 15:06:09 -0800
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Report
Full Record
